Willowbrook Rabbitry

Rabbit Enrichment

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Rabbit Enrichment is a concept that comes from many sources such as the House Rabbit Movement, British rabbit keeping and zoo enrichment programs.  The idea is to create an environment that is mentally stimulating and physically conducive to having productive and thriving rabbits.  It goes beyond meeting the rabbits basic physical needs for food, water, shelter and medical care to address their mental and physical needs for stimulation and exercise.  Some elements of enrichment include:
 
-Toys
-Proper cage or pen space
-Time spent safely outdoors
-Physical Exercise
-Safe and structured exposure to other rabbits and other species
-Petting and play sessions
-Behavioral training
 
 

Toys
 
Toys can be store bought or home made.  Toys usually fall into several categories such as ones that can be chewed by the rabbits, ones that can be tossed by the rabbits, ones that can be rolled or ones that can be climbed on or tunneled through by the rabbits.  It is important to know what are rabbit safe materials for the toys to be made of because rabbits will try to chew anything.  Certain woods are safe and others are not.  Hard plastics can be safe for smaller rabbits but not always for large rabbits.  Some examples of rabbit toys include untreated wood blocks, hard plastic cat toy balls, toilet paper rolls filled with hay and plain brown card board boxes.

Cages and Pens
 
Show rabbits that are not neutered or spayed are unlikely to use a litter box completely or at all.  They are best kept on wire floored cages in which their waste drops through or solid floored cages that are cleaned completely every 2-3 days.  If you use a wired floor cage it is important to use resting boards to give the rabbits a place to rest without their feet getting sore.  Cage space is important.  The larger the better.  Most cages sold at pet stores and feed stores are too small for adequate stretching and resting space let alone exercise.  There are a number of rabbit cage suppliers that provide commercial cages for show rabbits.  Our french lops are kept in cages that are a minimum of 30 x 36 inches. 
 
For pet house rabbits you can make your own cage or use a dog exercise pen on the floor.  The key is to get a x-pen that is tall enough so the rabbit cannot jump out and to have a floor that is easy to clean if your rabbit has an accident outside it's litter box.  You can always add a sheet of linoleum over the existing floor to protect it.  

Time Spent Safely Outdoors
 
Rabbits enjoy time outdoors but have to be protected from preditors, neighborhood pets and poisonous plants.  There are two options to letting your rabbit enjoy time outside.  The first is to have an outdoor pen for them to spend time in and the other is to train your rabbit to use a harness and a leash.  Never put your rabbit on a coller and leash as their necks are too delecate and they can be injured or killed by doing so.  Outdoor pens should be constructed to ensure that the rabbits cannot dig out of them or hop over them.  The should preferably have a cover if you live in an area with hawks or eagles like we do.  I can garentee that within 5 minutes of putting a rabbit outside in my yard that a hawk or eagle will show up!  Gaurenteed.  If you live in an area with large snakes then you can use screening to make your pens.  One of the biggest threats is neighborhood dogs and cats so it is advisable that you do not leave them out in their pens unattended.  Both Doug and I lost rabbits as children due to neighbors pets.  It is a horrible way to lose your rabbit.  
You will also make sure the rabbits have shade and water at all times when they are outside. 
Rabbits enjoy the opportunity to dig, smell new smells, feel the wind and get fresh air just like we do.  

Physical Excercise

Rabbits enjoy running, hopping, jumping and doing binkies.  When you see your rabbit binky, kinda a large hop like jump in which they twist mid-air, you know that they are happy!  Giving them enough space to do this periodically not only can give them a lot of enjoyment but also can be a joy to watch.  You can do this by having an outdoor space large enough for them to do so or a rabbit safe room in the house.  In the rabbitry one rabbit often gets to run around the rabbitry doing this while I do rabbit chores.  

Rabbits can also be taught to jump over hurdles and this is a popular sport in Europe.  You can start with a small height obstacle and a raisin to encourage the rabbit over the hurdle.   

Safe Exposure To Other Rabbits And Other Species

 Unaltered rabbits will do one of two things with another rabbit and that is mate or fight!  Given that they should be kept separated from the same sex and only be with the opposite sex when mating.  The exception may be two does that are litter mates and raised with each other and never separated or mated.  But with this said they do like to see other rabbits and have contact from a safe distance.  We keep cages in the rabbitry so that they cannot bite or box each other but close enough that they can see and smell each other.  

Spayed an neutered rabbits can live as single rabbits or be bonded to compatible companions.  Bonding is a careful process in letting the rabbits get used to each other and learning to live with each other.  Once bonded they groom each other and appear to miss each other when separated.  Bonding is more likely with opposite sex pairs but can also be with same sex pairs or with more than two rabbits.  Even if not bonded they to can enjoy seeing other rabbits at a safe distance.

Rabbits can also enjoy seeing other species that are rabbit safe pals.  Many house rabbits live with other pets such as cats and dogs that are accustomed to rabbits and know how to interact with them safely.  Our rabbits often greet our dogs Tipper and Lilly when they go into the rabbitry to visit, but don't like the other dog, Fergus, because they know he reacts to them like prey and not like a friend.  Remember it is important to never leave rabbits alone with other pets that are predators just in case instinct takes over.

 

Petting And Play Sessions

Rabbits in general do not like to be picked up and some don't like to be held.  But most like to be petted once they realize you are a friend and not a predator.  Getting to know rabbit body language and behavior can help you understand their moods.  Most rabbits love to have their head scratched and the base of their ears massaged but do not enjoy having their feet handled.  All of our rabbits will lean in to have their head scratched.  Grumpy even does so after he grunts at you first!  Some rabbit like to play tag and enjoy chasing you or circling you as a form of play.  Some also will take toys from your hand to toss them.  Almost the opposite of a dog bringing you a ball to toss.  In this case they are taking the toy from you so they can toss it.  Rabbit can also be taught to jump over hurdles, sit up and beg, spin in place and do other tricks for raisins or other treats.

Behavioral Training

Although many rabbit breeders "train" their rabbits by repeatedly posing them in order to prepared them to show or accustom them to being groomed.  Most show rabbits are not trained to any particular degree.  But if you want to live with a house rabbit you will want them to respond to you and learn what they are allowed to do and what they are not.  Often interacting with them over time they will begin to associate the word "no" and a harsh tone with you being unhappy with their behavior and a pleasant tone or treat with you being happy with their behavior much like a dog or cat would.  You should never physically strike a rabbit as they are easily injured but use of the word "no" and water spray bottles can be forms of negative reinforcement and a pleasant tone, praise and treats can be positive reinforcement.  Clicker training is a type of training originally based on work with dolphins that uses exclusively positive reinforcement.  Go to our links page if you would like to learn more.

  Typical behavioral issues or tasks to work on would be not to chew on forbidden articles, not to dig on unapproved surfaces, going to their cage or pen on command, coming when called, and going in their litter box. 

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Emphasis on Type and Temperament

Email us at maria@willowbrookrabbitry.com